Parasitic diseases, parasites, pathogenic fungi and bacteria that damage the human body are the second most common disease after respiratory infections. The main danger is that people do not always know the existence of this disease, the characteristic signs of this disease may not appear for several months, and the parasites can cause irreparable damage to health. For a long time, the symptoms of internal parasites have disguised as fatigue and minor changes in the gastrointestinal tract.
Helminthiasis is not only a disease of "dirty hands". Improper diet may lead to the appearance of worms and other protozoa. Worm eggs can spread from infected people to healthy people through tactile contact.
The statistics of the WHO are frightening-about 3/4 of the population on the planet is infected by various parasites. The incidence of adults and children with pets is 99. 9%.
With the help of medicine and folk remedies, worms can be repelled, but in difficult situations, only surgery can repel harmful organisms.
Which human organs can be infected by parasites
There are 3 methods for worms and worms to penetrate into the human body through the mouth, mucous membranes and skin. In the context of a weakened immune system, the parasite reproduces in the body unhindered. Immunity is further depleted, secondary immune deficiency develops, the body is generally allergic, and the resistance to various infections is reduced. Acute diseases develop into chronic diseases and require strict treatment.
The favorite habitat of parasites is all parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Of the 300 parasitic diseases, 70% are in the intestinal form. Extraintestinal helminthiasis affects:
- Skin and subcutaneous fat tissue;
- Liver;
- Muscle tissue;
- light;
- brain;
- Heart tissue;
- Eyeball;
- blood;
- Joint capsule.
The time when the disease first appears symptoms depends on the type, number, location of the parasite and the current state of human health.
For all types of worm infections, the main symptoms of internal parasites are similar:
- Loss of appetite;
- Salivation increased;
- Diarrhea and constipation alternate;
- Nausea and vomiting episodes;
- Sleep disorders.
Grinding teeth during sleep may indicate the presence of worms in children.
The main symptoms of helminthiasis are general malaise, irritability, dizziness, weight loss and the development of iron deficiency anemia. In the event of an allergic reaction (in 70% of cases), the parasitic disease did not attract attention and was not treated in time.
The main types of parasites and their obvious symptoms
Currently, 70 parasites that can live in humans have been identified. They are divided into the following subgroups:
- Round worm (worm);
- tapeworms (tapeworms);
- Subcutaneous worm;
- Flukes;
- Tissue parasites;
- Protozoa Protozoa.
The symptoms caused by different types of parasites may vary. In order to understand whether the human body is affected, we will consider several of the most typical situations.
Worms
Worms or pinworms are round worms. They feed on blood and intestinal contents. These 0. 5 to 1 cm white worms can cause widespread helminthiasis-enteropathy. According to statistics, the total share of the disease in all lesions is 65%, 90% of which are children.
Intestinal mycosis is contagious and spreads from person to person. The main way for parasites to enter the body is to swallow eggs. The life cycle is 4 weeks-during this period, males and females develop from eggs, which are discharged through the anus and lay eggs around the eggs and on the skin of the perineum. Moving and laying eggs can cause a strong burning sensation on the skin.
Worms are difficult to treat, because eggs not only stick to the skin. The eggs of the parasite fell on the sheets and on the floor, contaminating daily necessities and toys.
It is difficult to determine the presence of these parasites in the body, but the signs and symptoms of their presence have their own unique characteristics:
- Often urge to urinate and wet the bed;
- The lower abdomen often has abdominal distension and pain on the right side; Loss of appetite;
- Diarrhea;
- Whole body muscle weakness;
- Female pinworms and ovoid eggs can be seen in the folds of the anus.
Due to the small number of colonies, the diagnosis based on analysis may be false negative. To identify the parasites, a triple analysis of feces and scratches was performed, which was repeated a few days later. In rare cases, a doctor may prescribe a blood test to expand the white blood cell count.
Toxoplasma gondii-symptoms and treatment of toxoplasmosis
refers to the subgroup of nematodes that enter the body after contact with dogs, cats or soil. The poison does not spread from person to person, but it can be transmitted from the mother to the fetus in the womb, or through milk to the baby during breastfeeding. The parasite infestation of this species usually occurs in autumn or spring.
Visceral toxoplasmosis
This type of lesion is detected when the parasites are deposited in the internal organs of the human body (liver, kidney, pancreas, brain or heart). In most cases, toxins are deposited in the patient’s lungs. The following clinical pictures are often observed:
- Fever, chills, fever;
- Thickened liver and enlarged spleen;
- The lymph nodes are slightly increased, painful when palpated, and separated from the surrounding tissues;
- Dry cough, wheezing, mainly at night;
- Difficulty breathing and shortness of breath;
- Bronchitis and bronchopneumonia are too frequent.
The lack of treatment for this form of helminthiasis can be fatal. Parasites in the heart can cause death.
Toxoplasmosis neurosis
Pathology occurs when parasites enter the central nervous system. Symptoms of parasites in the human body:
- Children become hyperactive, fail the neuropsychological test, and fall behind in development;
- Adults complain that they are difficult to read and cannot explain why;
- Memory degradation;
- Shows various neurological diseases.
If tosokars remain in the brain, convulsions and seizures, paralysis and paralysis of the limbs may occur.
Skin toxoplasmosis
Symptoms will manifest as localized urticaria, eczema or papular outbreaks, and will appear with the migration of toxoplasma larvae. Patients complain of unbearable itching, and in addition to skin rashes and blisters, the affected area can also be swollen and red. Lagging skin appears in the surrounding area.
Ocular toxoplasmosis
A disease where parasite larvae colonize the eyeball. Their migration can be clearly seen even with the naked eye. Only one eye is affected. In most cases, only one type of parasite is present. However, there are other signs of parasites:
- inflammation of the choroid;
- Purulent inflammation of vitreous tissue;
- Children develop strabismus;
- In the exudate of the eyeball, there may be a "snowball" form.
Wide ribbon
This parasite enters the human body by eating raw fish or caviar. This disease is called bitrichiasis and does not spread from person to person.
Tapeworm can only exist in the small intestine. The specific symptoms of its existence develop in the following order:
- fever conditions;
- Decrease or increase in appetite;
- Constipation and diarrhea alternate;
- Symptoms of B12 deficiency anemia gradually increase;
- Intestinal obstruction is due to the overgrowth of worms that block the intestinal lumen and the invasion of superficial and deep sensitivity;
- Unstable gait and crawling under the skin;
- There may be parasite particles in the stool.
Diagnose the presence of parasites based on the results of blood tests and laparoscopy.
Bull tapeworm
This tapeworm can grow to 7-10 meters. Parasites enter the body in the form of larvae or eggs from cooked or unprocessed infected beef. This disease is called teniarinchiasis; adults are more susceptible to infection.
The signs of parasites in people with tenosynovitis appear in sequence:
- have constant hunger, false bulimia;
- Loss of appetite, sometimes not at all.
- Abdominal pain increases, which may be different parts, the pain in the right bone area is more severe;
- Continuous severe flatulence and repeated diarrhea;
- tongue inflammation;
- Frail people may have sleep disturbances, fainting and seizures.
It is very easy to identify and check the failure of the cattle tapeworm. Its various parts-tongue protrusion, crawl out of the anus without defecation, especially at night.
The simplest and most effective diagnostic method is to scrape the stool and analyze the amount of eggs in the stool. The prognosis of treatment is good.
Echinococcus
Echinococcus belongs to the insect class. The main sources are stray dogs, wolves, jackals, and foxes. They feed on carrion infected with Echinococcus occidentalis. If the domestic dog comes into contact with the feces of stray relatives or infected animals, it may be infected by the parasites of the domestic dog.
Humans are most susceptible to swallowing parasite larvae, which is usually swallowed by contaminated water. You can choose when a gust of wind inhales eggs and sticks to the mucous membrane of the nose or throat, and swallows sputum and enters the gastrointestinal tract.
Parasite larvae that enter the intestine enter the bloodstream and follow the venous blood flow to the fixed liver. If not fixed, Echinococcus can can affect the lungs or other organs. Contrary to popular belief, these parasites do not exist in human muscles.
The larvae begin to grow on the organs and tissues and form cysts. If she dies, a cyst will become suppurated. When a person is infected with a large number of larvae, many live and dead hydatid oc sacs are formed.
The symptoms of this type of parasite will not appear for a long time, but as the cyst grows in the liver, the following symptoms appear:
- Infringement of stool, frequent vomiting, and solar plexus pain; There are
- nodules in the liver;
- When the cyst is compressed, jaundice develops and is accompanied by characteristic symptoms, accompanied by very severe itching;
- When a purulent cyst is opened, severe pain and allergic reactions will occur, until anaphylactic shock.
If the parasite has attached to the lungs, there will be shortness of breath, reduced breathing, chest pain, and coughing and bleeding. A cyst that protrudes into the pleural area is fatal. When a bronchial breach is formed, it can cause suffocation, blue skin and severe allergic reactions.
The diagnosis can be confirmed by serological blood test and ultrasound examination. Hydatid can only be treated with surgery! Specific antiparasitic medications are only given in the case of large-scale infections. Drinking alcohol or taking other folk remedies for these parasites is useless.
Giardia
It is very easy to be a carrier of these parasites-human infections are caused by cysts in cats, dogs and rodents. Once in the body, the parasites are not only distributed in the liver, but also in the large and small intestines. Giardiasis affects the immunity of children and adults and reduces gastric acidity.
The disease is characterized by an undulating process, with progressive neurological and allergic symptoms:
- Spasmodic pain on the right side, especially after eating fatty foods;
- Diarrhea and constipation alternate;
- Dry and bitter mouth;
- The level of hemoglobin in the blood is normal, and the skin is pale, especially the nose "whitening";
- Hair fall;
- Lip cracks and undulations appear;
- The skin on the palms and feet fell off and a rash appeared;
- have a choking cough attack;
- Enlarged liver, spleen and lymph nodes;
- Severe apathy and general weakness.
Check the stool and duodenal contents to confirm the diagnosis.
When signs of parasites are detected, you should not self-medicate and you need to contact an infectious disease specialist. Only a doctor can accurately diagnose and prescribe appropriate complex treatments.